Packages and Binaries:

openssh-client

This is the portable version of OpenSSH, a free implementation of the Secure Shell protocol as specified by the IETF secsh working group.

Ssh (Secure Shell) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executing commands on a remote machine. It provides secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. X11 connections and arbitrary TCP/IP ports can also be forwarded over the secure channel. It can be used to provide applications with a secure communication channel.

This package provides the ssh, scp and sftp clients, the ssh-agent and ssh-add programs to make public key authentication more convenient, and the ssh-keygen, ssh-keyscan, ssh-copy-id and ssh-argv0 utilities.

In some countries it may be illegal to use any encryption at all without a special permit.

ssh replaces the insecure rsh, rcp and rlogin programs, which are obsolete for most purposes.

Installed size: 4.83 MB
How to install: sudo apt install openssh-client

scp

OpenSSH secure file copy

root@kali:~# scp -h
scp: unknown option -- h
usage: scp [-346ABCOpqRrsTv] [-c cipher] [-D sftp_server_path] [-F ssh_config]
           [-i identity_file] [-J destination] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option]
           [-P port] [-S program] [-X sftp_option] source ... target

sftp

OpenSSH secure file transfer

root@kali:~# sftp --help
unknown option -- -
usage: sftp [-46AaCfNpqrv] [-B buffer_size] [-b batchfile] [-c cipher]
          [-D sftp_server_command] [-F ssh_config] [-i identity_file]
          [-J destination] [-l limit] [-o ssh_option] [-P port]
          [-R num_requests] [-S program] [-s subsystem | sftp_server]
          [-X sftp_option] destination

slogin

OpenSSH remote login client

root@kali:~# slogin -h
unknown option -- h
usage: ssh [-46AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-B bind_interface] [-b bind_address]
           [-c cipher_spec] [-D [bind_address:]port] [-E log_file]
           [-e escape_char] [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11] [-i identity_file]
           [-J destination] [-L address] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec]
           [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-P tag] [-p port] [-R address]
           [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port] [-w local_tun[:remote_tun]]
           destination [command [argument ...]]
       ssh [-Q query_option]

ssh

OpenSSH remote login client

root@kali:~# ssh -h
unknown option -- h
usage: ssh [-46AaCfGgKkMNnqsTtVvXxYy] [-B bind_interface] [-b bind_address]
           [-c cipher_spec] [-D [bind_address:]port] [-E log_file]
           [-e escape_char] [-F configfile] [-I pkcs11] [-i identity_file]
           [-J destination] [-L address] [-l login_name] [-m mac_spec]
           [-O ctl_cmd] [-o option] [-P tag] [-p port] [-R address]
           [-S ctl_path] [-W host:port] [-w local_tun[:remote_tun]]
           destination [command [argument ...]]
       ssh [-Q query_option]

ssh-add

Adds private key identities to the OpenSSH authentication agent

root@kali:~# man ssh-add
SSH-ADD(1)                   General Commands Manual                 SSH-ADD(1)

NAME
       ssh-add  --  adds  private  key identities to the OpenSSH authentication
       agent

SYNOPSIS
       ssh-add  [-CcDdKkLlqvXx]   [-E   fingerprint_hash]   [-H   hostkey_file]
               [-h destination_constraint] [-S provider] [-t life] [file ...]
       ssh-add -s pkcs11 [-Cv] [certificate ...]
       ssh-add -e pkcs11
       ssh-add -T pubkey ...

DESCRIPTION
       ssh-add  adds  private  key  identities  to  the  authentication  agent,
       ssh-agent(1).   When  run  without  arguments,   it   adds   the   files
       ~/.ssh/id_rsa,  ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa,  ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk, ~/.ssh/id_ed25519,
       ~/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk, and ~/.ssh/id_dsa.  After loading a  private  key,
       ssh-add  will try to load corresponding certificate information from the
       filename obtained by appending -cert.pub to the name of the private  key
       file.  Alternative file names can be given on the command line.

       If  any file requires a passphrase, ssh-add asks for the passphrase from
       the user.  The passphrase is read from the user's tty.  ssh-add  retries
       the last passphrase if multiple identity files are given.

       The  authentication agent must be running and the SSH_AUTH_SOCK environ-
       ment variable must contain the name of its socket for ssh-add to work.

       The options are as follows:

       -C      When loading keys into or deleting keys from the agent,  process
               certificates only and skip plain keys.

       -c      Indicates  that  added identities should be subject to confirma-
               tion before being used for authentication.  Confirmation is per-
               formed by ssh-askpass(1).  Successful confirmation  is  signaled
               by  a zero exit status from ssh-askpass(1), rather than text en-
               tered into the requester.

       -D      Deletes all identities from the agent.

       -d      Instead of adding identities, removes identities from the agent.
               If ssh-add has been run without arguments, the keys for the  de-
               fault  identities  and  their corresponding certificates will be
               removed.  Otherwise, the argument list will be interpreted as  a
               list  of  paths to public key files to specify keys and certifi-
               cates to be removed from the agent.  If no public key  is  found
               at a given path, ssh-add will append .pub and retry.  If the ar-
               gument  list  consists of "-" then ssh-add will read public keys
               to be removed from standard input.

       -E fingerprint_hash
               Specifies the hash algorithm used when  displaying  key  finger-
               prints.   Valid options are: "md5" and "sha256".  The default is
               "sha256".

       -e pkcs11
               Remove keys provided by the PKCS#11 shared library pkcs11.

       -H hostkey_file
               Specifies a known hosts file to look up hostkeys when using des-
               tination-constrained keys via the -h flag.  This option  may  be
               specified multiple times to allow multiple files to be searched.
               If  no  files  are  specified,  ssh-add  will  use  the  default
               ssh_config(5)    known    hosts    files:    ~/.ssh/known_hosts,
               ~/.ssh/known_hosts2,        /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts,        and
               /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts2.

       -h destination_constraint
               When adding keys, constrain them to be usable only through  spe-
               cific hosts or to specific destinations.

               Destination  constraints of the form `[user@]dest-hostname' per-
               mit use of the key only from the origin host  (the  one  running
               ssh-agent(1)) to the listed destination host, with optional user
               name.

               Constraints of the form `src-hostname>[user@]dst-hostname' allow
               a key available on a forwarded ssh-agent(1) to be used through a
               particular host (as specified by `src-hostname') to authenticate
               to a further host, specified by `dst-hostname'.

               Multiple destination constraints may be added when loading keys.
               When  attempting  authentication with a key that has destination
               constraints, the whole connection path,  including  ssh-agent(1)
               forwarding,  is  tested  against  those constraints and each hop
               must be permitted for the attempt to succeed.  For  example,  if
               key  is  forwarded to a remote host, `host-b', and is attempting
               authentication to another host,  `host-c',  then  the  operation
               will  be successful only if `host-b' was permitted from the ori-
               gin host and the subsequent `host-b>host-c' hop is also  permit-
               ted by destination constraints.

               Hosts  are identified by their host keys, and are looked up from
               known hosts files by ssh-add.  Wildcards patterns  may  be  used
               for  hostnames  and certificate host keys are supported.  By de-
               fault, keys added by ssh-add are not destination constrained.

               Destination constraints were added in OpenSSH release 8.9.  Sup-
               port in both the remote SSH client and server is  required  when
               using destination-constrained keys over a forwarded ssh-agent(1)
               channel.

               It  is  also  important to note that destination constraints can
               only be enforced by ssh-agent(1) when a key is used, or when  it
               is forwarded by a cooperating ssh(1).  Specifically, it does not
               prevent  an  attacker with access to a remote SSH_AUTH_SOCK from
               forwarding it again and using it on a different host  (but  only
               to a permitted destination).

       -K      Load resident keys from a FIDO authenticator.

       -k      When  loading keys into or deleting keys from the agent, process
               plain private keys only and skip certificates.

       -L      Lists public key parameters of all identities  currently  repre-
               sented by the agent.

       -l      Lists  fingerprints  of  all identities currently represented by
               the agent.

       -q      Be quiet after a successful operation.

       -S provider
               Specifies a path to a library that will be used when adding FIDO
               authenticator-hosted keys, overriding the default of  using  the
               internal USB HID support.

       -s pkcs11
               Add  keys  provided  by the PKCS#11 shared library pkcs11.  Cer-
               tificate files may optionally be listed  as  command-line  argu-
               ments.   If these are present, then they will be loaded into the
               agent using any  corresponding  private  keys  loaded  from  the
               PKCS#11 token.

       -T pubkey ...
               Tests  whether the private keys that correspond to the specified
               pubkey files are usable by performing sign and verify operations
               on each.

       -t life
               Set a maximum lifetime when adding identities to an agent.   The
               lifetime  may be specified in seconds or in a time format speci-
               fied in sshd_config(5).

       -v      Verbose mode.  Causes ssh-add to print debugging messages  about
               its  progress.  This is helpful in debugging problems.  Multiple
               -v options increase the verbosity.  The maximum is 3.

       -X      Unlock the agent.

       -x      Lock the agent with a password.

ENVIRONMENT
       DISPLAY, SSH_ASKPASS and SSH_ASKPASS_REQUIRE
               If ssh-add needs a passphrase, it will read the passphrase  from
               the  current terminal if it was run from a terminal.  If ssh-add
               does not have a terminal associated  with  it  but  DISPLAY  and
               SSH_ASKPASS  are  set,  it will execute the program specified by
               SSH_ASKPASS (by default "ssh-askpass") and open an X11 window to
               read the passphrase.  This is particularly useful  when  calling
               ssh-add from a .xsession or related script.

               SSH_ASKPASS_REQUIRE  allows  further  control over the use of an
               askpass program.  If  this  variable  is  set  to  "never"  then
               ssh-add  will  never  attempt  to  use  one.   If  it  is set to
               "prefer", then ssh-add will prefer to use  the  askpass  program
               instead  of  the TTY when requesting passwords.  Finally, if the
               variable is set to "force", then the  askpass  program  will  be
               used  for  all passphrase input regardless of whether DISPLAY is
               set.

       SSH_AUTH_SOCK
               Identifies the path of a Unix-domain socket used to  communicate
               with the agent.

       SSH_SK_PROVIDER
               Specifies a path to a library that will be used when loading any
               FIDO  authenticator-hosted keys, overriding the default of using
               the built-in USB HID support.

FILES
       ~/.ssh/id_dsa
       ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
       ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
       ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
       ~/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
       ~/.ssh/id_rsa
               Contains the DSA, ECDSA,  authenticator-hosted  ECDSA,  Ed25519,
               authenticator-hosted  Ed25519  or RSA authentication identity of
               the user.

       Identity files should not be readable by anyone but the user.  Note that
       ssh-add ignores identity files if they are accessible by others.

EXIT STATUS
       Exit status is 0 on success, 1 if the specified command fails, and 2  if
       ssh-add is unable to contact the authentication agent.

SEE ALSO
       ssh(1), ssh-agent(1), ssh-askpass(1), ssh-keygen(1), sshd(8)

AUTHORS
       OpenSSH  is  a derivative of the original and free ssh 1.2.12 release by
       Tatu Ylonen.  Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck,  Markus  Friedl,  Niels  Provos,
       Theo  de  Raadt  and Dug Song removed many bugs, re-added newer features
       and created OpenSSH.  Markus Friedl contributed the support for SSH pro-
       tocol versions 1.5 and 2.0.

Debian                         December 19, 2023                     SSH-ADD(1)

ssh-agent

OpenSSH authentication agent

root@kali:~# ssh-agent -h
unknown option -- h
usage: ssh-agent [-c | -s] [-Dd] [-a bind_address] [-E fingerprint_hash]
                 [-O option] [-P allowed_providers] [-t life]
       ssh-agent [-a bind_address] [-E fingerprint_hash] [-O option]
                 [-P allowed_providers] [-t life] command [arg ...]
       ssh-agent [-c | -s] -k

ssh-argv0

Replaces the old ssh command-name as hostname handling

root@kali:~# man ssh-argv0
SSH-ARGV0(1)                 General Commands Manual               SSH-ARGV0(1)

NAME
       ssh-argv0 -- replaces the old ssh command-name as hostname handling

SYNOPSIS
       hostname | user@hostname [-l login_name] [command]

       hostname   |   user@hostname  [-afgknqstvxACNTX1246]  [-b  bind_address]
       [-c cipher_spec] [-e escape_char]  [-i  identity_file]  [-l  login_name]
       [-m    mac_spec]   [-o   option]   [-p   port]   [-F   configfile]   [-L
       port:host:hostport] [-R port:host:hostport] [-D port] [command]

DESCRIPTION
       ssh-argv0 replaces the old ssh command-name as  hostname  handling.   If
       you  link  to  this  script  with  a hostname then executing the link is
       equivalent to having executed ssh with that  hostname  as  an  argument.
       All other arguments are passed to ssh and will be processed normally.

OPTIONS
       See ssh(1).

FILES
       See ssh(1).

AUTHORS
       OpenSSH  is  a derivative of the original and free ssh 1.2.12 release by
       Tatu Ylonen.  Aaron Campbell, Bob Beck,  Markus  Friedl,  Niels  Provos,
       Theo  de  Raadt  and Dug Song removed many bugs, re-added newer features
       and created OpenSSH.  Markus Friedl contributed the support for SSH pro-
       tocol versions 1.5 and 2.0.  Natalie Amery wrote this  ssh-argv0  script
       and the associated documentation.

SEE ALSO
       ssh(1)

Debian Project                 September 7, 2001                   SSH-ARGV0(1)

ssh-copy-id

Use locally available keys to authorise logins on a remote machine

root@kali:~# ssh-copy-id --help
Illegal option --
Usage: /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id [-h|-?|-f|-n|-s|-x] [-i [identity_file]] [-p port] [-F alternative ssh_config file] [-t target_path] [[-o <ssh -o options>] ...] [user@]hostname
	-f: force mode -- copy keys without trying to check if they are already installed
	-n: dry run    -- no keys are actually copied
	-s: use sftp   -- use sftp instead of executing remote-commands. Can be useful if the remote only allows sftp
	-x: debug      -- enables -x in this shell, for debugging
	-h|-?: print this help

ssh-keygen

OpenSSH authentication key utility

root@kali:~# ssh-keygen --help
unknown option -- -
usage: ssh-keygen [-q] [-a rounds] [-b bits] [-C comment] [-f output_keyfile]
                  [-m format] [-N new_passphrase] [-O option]
                  [-t dsa | ecdsa | ecdsa-sk | ed25519 | ed25519-sk | rsa]
                  [-w provider] [-Z cipher]
       ssh-keygen -p [-a rounds] [-f keyfile] [-m format] [-N new_passphrase]
                   [-P old_passphrase] [-Z cipher]
       ssh-keygen -i [-f input_keyfile] [-m key_format]
       ssh-keygen -e [-f input_keyfile] [-m key_format]
       ssh-keygen -y [-f input_keyfile]
       ssh-keygen -c [-a rounds] [-C comment] [-f keyfile] [-P passphrase]
       ssh-keygen -l [-v] [-E fingerprint_hash] [-f input_keyfile]
       ssh-keygen -B [-f input_keyfile]
       ssh-keygen -D pkcs11
       ssh-keygen -F hostname [-lv] [-f known_hosts_file]
       ssh-keygen -H [-f known_hosts_file]
       ssh-keygen -K [-a rounds] [-w provider]
       ssh-keygen -R hostname [-f known_hosts_file]
       ssh-keygen -r hostname [-g] [-f input_keyfile]
       ssh-keygen -M generate [-O option] output_file
       ssh-keygen -M screen [-f input_file] [-O option] output_file
       ssh-keygen -I certificate_identity -s ca_key [-hU] [-D pkcs11_provider]
                  [-n principals] [-O option] [-V validity_interval]
                  [-z serial_number] file ...
       ssh-keygen -L [-f input_keyfile]
       ssh-keygen -A [-a rounds] [-f prefix_path]
       ssh-keygen -k -f krl_file [-u] [-s ca_public] [-z version_number]
                  file ...
       ssh-keygen -Q [-l] -f krl_file [file ...]
       ssh-keygen -Y find-principals -s signature_file -f allowed_signers_file
       ssh-keygen -Y match-principals -I signer_identity -f allowed_signers_file
       ssh-keygen -Y check-novalidate -n namespace -s signature_file
       ssh-keygen -Y sign -f key_file -n namespace file [-O option] ...
       ssh-keygen -Y verify -f allowed_signers_file -I signer_identity
                  -n namespace -s signature_file [-r krl_file] [-O option]

ssh-keyscan

Gather SSH public keys from servers

root@kali:~# ssh-keyscan -h
unknown option -- h
usage: ssh-keyscan [-46cDHv] [-f file] [-O option] [-p port] [-T timeout]
                   [-t type] [host | addrlist namelist]

openssh-server

This is the portable version of OpenSSH, a free implementation of the Secure Shell protocol as specified by the IETF secsh working group.

Ssh (Secure Shell) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executing commands on a remote machine. It provides secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. X11 connections and arbitrary TCP/IP ports can also be forwarded over the secure channel. It can be used to provide applications with a secure communication channel.

This package provides the sshd server.

In some countries it may be illegal to use any encryption at all without a special permit.

sshd replaces the insecure rshd program, which is obsolete for most purposes.

Installed size: 1.76 MB
How to install: sudo apt install openssh-server

sshd

OpenSSH daemon

root@kali:~# sshd -h
option requires an argument -- h
OpenSSH_9.7p1 Debian-5, OpenSSL 3.2.2-dev 
usage: sshd [-46DdeGiqTtV] [-C connection_spec] [-c host_cert_file]
            [-E log_file] [-f config_file] [-g login_grace_time]
            [-h host_key_file] [-o option] [-p port] [-u len]

openssh-sftp-server

This is the portable version of OpenSSH, a free implementation of the Secure Shell protocol as specified by the IETF secsh working group.

Ssh (Secure Shell) is a program for logging into a remote machine and for executing commands on a remote machine. It provides secure encrypted communications between two untrusted hosts over an insecure network. X11 connections and arbitrary TCP/IP ports can also be forwarded over the secure channel. It can be used to provide applications with a secure communication channel.

This package provides the SFTP server module for the SSH server. It is needed if you want to access your SSH server with SFTP. The SFTP server module also works with other SSH daemons like dropbear.

OpenSSH’s sftp and sftp-server implement revision 3 of the SSH filexfer protocol described in:

http://www.openssh.com/txt/draft-ietf-secsh-filexfer-02.txt

Newer versions of the draft will not be supported, though some features are individually implemented as extensions.

Installed size: 173 KB
How to install: sudo apt install openssh-sftp-server

openssh-tests

This package provides OpenSSH’s regression test suite. It is mainly intended for use with the autopkgtest system, though can also be run directly using /usr/lib/openssh/regress/run-tests.

Installed size: 6.56 MB
How to install: sudo apt install openssh-tests

ssh

This metapackage is a convenient way to install both the OpenSSH client and the OpenSSH server. It provides nothing in and of itself, so you may remove it if nothing depends on it.

Installed size: 151 KB
How to install: sudo apt install ssh

ssh-askpass-gnome

This has been split out of the main openssh-client package so that openssh-client does not need to depend on GTK+.

You probably want the ssh-askpass package instead, but this is provided to add to your choice and/or confusion.

Installed size: 188 KB
How to install: sudo apt install ssh-askpass-gnome