Packages and Binaries:

swaks

swaks (Swiss Army Knife SMTP) is a command-line tool written in Perl for testing SMTP setups; it supports STARTTLS and SMTP AUTH (PLAIN, LOGIN, CRAM-MD5, SPA, and DIGEST-MD5). swaks allows one to stop the SMTP dialog at any stage, e.g to check RCPT TO: without actually sending a mail.

If you are spending too much time iterating “telnet foo.example 25” swaks is for you.

Installed size: 286 KB
How to install: sudo apt install swaks

Dependencies:
  • perl
swaks

Swiss Army Knife SMTP, the all-purpose SMTP transaction tester

root@kali:~# swaks --help
SWAKS(1)                             SWAKS                            SWAKS(1)

NAME
       Swaks - Swiss Army Knife SMTP, the all-purpose SMTP transaction tester

DESCRIPTION
       Swaks' primary design goal is to be a flexible, scriptable,
       transaction-oriented SMTP test tool.  It handles SMTP features and
       extensions such as TLS, authentication, and pipelining; multiple
       version of the SMTP protocol including SMTP, ESMTP, and LMTP; and
       multiple transport methods including UNIX-domain sockets, internet-
       domain sockets, and pipes to spawned processes.  Options can be
       specified in environment variables, configuration files, and the
       command line allowing maximum configurability and ease of use for
       operators and scripters.

QUICK START
       Deliver a standard test email to [email protected] on port 25 of
       test-server.example.net:

        swaks --to [email protected] --server test-server.example.net

       Deliver a standard test email, requiring CRAM-MD5 authentication as
       user [email protected].  An "X-Test" header will be added to the email
       body.  The authentication password will be prompted for if it cannot be
       obtained from your .netrc file.

        swaks --to [email protected] --from [email protected] --auth CRAM-MD5 --auth-user [email protected] --header-X-Test "test email"

       Test a virus scanner using EICAR in an attachment.  Don't show the
       message DATA part.:

        swaks -t [email protected] --attach - --server test-server.example.com --suppress-data </path/to/eicar.txt

       Test a spam scanner using GTUBE in the body of an email, routed via the
       MX records for example.com:

        swaks --to [email protected] --body /path/to/gtube/file

       Deliver a standard test email to [email protected] using the LMTP
       protocol via a UNIX domain socket file

        swaks --to [email protected] --socket /var/lda.sock --protocol LMTP

       Report all the recipients in a text file that are non-verifiable on a
       test server:

        for E in `cat /path/to/email/file`
        do
            swaks --to $E --server test-server.example.com --quit-after RCPT --hide-all
            [ $? -ne 0 ] && echo $E
        done

TERMS AND CONVENTIONS
       This document tries to be consistent and specific in its use of the
       following terms to reduce confusion.

       Target
           The  target  of  a transaction is the thing that Swaks connects to.
           This generic term is used throughout the documentation because most
           other terms improperly imply something about  the  transport  being
           used.

       Transport
           The  transport  is  the  underlying  method  used to connect to the
           target.

       Transaction
           A transaction is the opening of a connection over a transport to  a
           target  and  using  a  messaging  protocol  to attempt to deliver a
           message.

       Protocol
           The protocol is the application language used to  communicate  with
           the  target.   This  document uses SMTP to speak generically of all
           three supported protocols unless it states that it is  speaking  of
           the specific 'SMTP' protocol and excluding the others.

       Message
           SMTP  protocols  exist  to  transfer messages, a set of bytes in an
           agreed-upon format that has a sender and a recipient.

       Envelope
           A message's envelope contains the "true" sender and receiver  of  a
           message.   It  can also be referred to as its components, envelope-
           sender and envelope-recipients.  It is important  to  note  that  a
           messages  envelope  does  not  have  to match its "To:" and "From:"
           headers.

       DATA
           The DATA portion of an SMTP transaction is the actual message  that
           is  being  transported.   It consists of both the message's headers
           and its body.  DATA and body are sometimes used  synonymously,  but
           they are always two distinct things in this document.

       Headers
           A  message's  headers are defined as all the lines in the message's
           DATA section before the first blank line.  They contain information
           about the email that will be displayed to  the  recipient  such  as
           "To:",  "From:",  "Subject:",  etc.   In this document headers will
           always be written with a capitalized first letter  and  a  trailing
           colon.

       Body
           A  message's  body is the portion of its DATA section following the
           first blank line.

       Option
           An option is a flag which changes Swaks' behavior.   Always  called
           an  option  regardless  of  how  it  is  provided.   For  instance,
           "--no-data-fixup" is an option.

       Argument
           When an option takes addition data beside the option  itself,  that
           additional   data   is   called   an   argument.  In  "--quit-after
           <stop-point>'",   "<stop-point>"   is   the   argument    to    the
           "--quit-after" option.

       <literal-string>
           When  used  in  the definition of an option, text that is inside of
           angle brackets ("<>") indicates a descriptive  label  for  a  value
           that   the   user  should  provide.   For  instance,  "--quit-after
           <stop-point>" indicates that "<stop-point>" should be replaced with
           a valid stop-point value.

       [<optional-value>]
           When used in the definition of an option,  text  inside  of  square
           brackets  ([])  indicates  that  the  value  is optional and can be
           omitted.  For instance, "--to  [<recipient>]"  indicates  that  the
           "--to"   option   can   be   used   with  or  without  a  specified
           "<recipient>".

OPTION PROCESSING
       To prevent potential confusion in this document  a  flag  to  Swaks  is
       always  referred  to  as  an  "option".  If the option takes additional
       data, that additional data is referred to as an argument to the option.
       For example, "--from [email protected]" might be provided  to  Swaks  on
       the command line, with "--from" being the option and "[email protected]"
       being "--from"'s argument.

       Options and arguments are the only way to provide information to Swaks.
       If  Swaks finds data during option processing that is neither an option
       nor an option's argument, it will error and  exit.   For  instance,  if
       "--no-data-fixup  1"  were found on the command line, this would result
       in an error because "--no-data-fixup" does not  take  an  argument  and
       therefore Swaks would not know what to do with 1.

       Options  can be given to Swaks in three ways.  They can be specified in
       a configuration file, in environment  variables,  and  on  the  command
       line.   Depending  on  the  specific  option and whether an argument is
       given to it, Swaks may prompt the user for the argument.

       When Swaks evaluates its options, it first looks  for  a  configuration
       file (either in a default location or specified with "--config").  Then
       it  evaluates  any  options  in  environment  variables.   Finally,  it
       evaluates command line options.   At  each  round  of  processing,  any
       options  set  earlier will be overridden.  Additionally, any option can
       be prefixed with "no-" to cause Swaks to forget that the  variable  had
       previously been set (either in an earlier round, or earlier in the same
       round).   This  capability  is  necessary  because  many  options treat
       defined-but-no-argument differently than not-defined.

       As a general rule, if the same option is given multiple time, the  last
       time  it  is  given is the one that will be used.  This applies to both
       intra-method (if "--from [email protected] --from [email protected]" is
       given, "[email protected]" will be used)  and  inter-method  (if  "from
       [email protected]"   is   given   in   a   config   file   and  "--from
       [email protected]" is given on the  command  line,  "[email protected]"
       will be used)

       Each  option  definition  ends with a parenthetical synopsis of how the
       option behaves.  The following codes can be used

       Arg-None, Arg-Optional, Arg-Required
           These three codes are mutually exclusive and  describe  whether  or
           not  the  option  takes  an  argument.   Note  that  this  does not
           necessarily  describe  whether  the  argument  is  required  to  be
           specified  directly,  but  rather  whether  an argument is required
           eventually.  For instance, "--to" is labeled as  Arg-Required,  but
           it  is  legal  to  specify  "--to"  on  the command line without an
           argument.  This is  because  Swaks  can  prompt  for  the  required
           argument if it is not directly provided.

       From-Prompt
           An   option   labeled   with   From-Prompt  will  prompt  the  user
           interactively for the argument if none is provided.

       From-File
           An option labeled with From-File will handle arguments as files  in
           certain situations.

           If  the initial argument is "-", the final argument is the contents
           of "STDIN".  Multiple options can all specify "STDIN", but the same
           content will be used for each of them.

           If the initial argument is prefixed with "@", the argument will  be
           treated  as  a  path  to  a  file.  The file will be opened and the
           contents will be used as the final argument.  If  the  contents  of
           the  file  can't  be  read,  Swaks will exit.  To specify a literal
           value starting with an "@", use two "@" symbols.  The first will be
           stripped.

       Sensitive
           If an option marked Sensitive attempts to prompt the  user  for  an
           argument  and  the  "--protect-prompt"  option  is  set, Swaks will
           attempt to mask the user input from being echoed on  the  terminal.
           Swaks  tries to mask the input in several ways, but if none of them
           work program flow will continue with unmasked input.

       Deprecated
           An option labeled Deprecated has  been  officially  deprecated  and
           will  be  removed  in  a  future  release.   See the "DEPRECATIONS"
           section of this documentation for details about the deprecations.

       The exact mechanism and format for using each of the  types  is  listed
       below.

       CONFIGURATION FILES
           A configuration file can be used to set commonly-used or abnormally
           verbose   options.    By   default,   Swaks   looks  in  order  for
           $SWAKS_HOME/.swaksrc, $HOME/.swaksrc, and $LOGDIR/.swaksrc.  If one
           of those is found to exist (and "--config" has not been used)  that
           file is used as the configuration file.

           Additionally, a configuration file in a non-default location can be
           specified  using  "--config".   If  this  is  set  and not given an
           argument Swaks will not use any configuration file,  including  any
           default  file.  If "--config" points to a readable file, it is used
           as the configuration file, overriding any default that  may  exist.
           If  it  points  to  a  non-readable file an error will be shown and
           Swaks will exit.

           A set of "portable" defaults can also be created by adding  options
           to  the  end  of  the Swaks program file.  As distributed, the last
           line of Swaks should be "__END__".  Any lines added after "__END__"
           will be treated as the contents  of  a  configuration  file.   This
           allows  a  set  of user preferences to be automatically copied from
           server to server in a single file.

           If configuration files have not been  explicitly  turned  off,  the
           "__END__" config is always read.  Only one other configuration file
           will  ever be used per single invocation of Swaks, even if multiple
           configuration files are specified.  If  the  "__END__"  config  and
           another  config  are  to  be  read,  the  "__END__"  config will be
           processed first.  Specifying the "--config" option with no argument
           turns off the processing of  both  the  "__END__"  config  and  any
           actual config files.

           In  a  configuration  file  lines  beginning  with a hash ("#") are
           ignored.  All other lines are assumed to be  an  option  to  Swaks,
           with  the  leading  dash  or  dashes optional.  Everything after an
           option line's first space is assumed to be  the  option's  argument
           and is not shell processed.  Therefore, quoting is usually unneeded
           and will be included literally in the argument.

           There  is  a  subtle difference between providing an option with no
           argument and providing an option with an  empty  argument.   If  an
           option line does not have a space, the entire line is treated as an
           option  and  there  is  no  argument.  If the line ends in a single
           space, it will be processed as an option with  an  empty  argument.
           So, "apt" will be treated as "--apt", but "apt " will be treated as
           "--apt ''".

           Here is an example of the contents of a configuration file:

               # always use this sender, no matter server or logged in user
               --from [email protected]
               # I prefer my test emails have a pretty from header.  Note
               # the lack of dashes on option and lack of quotes around
               # entire argument.
               h-From: "Fred Example" <[email protected]>

           Options specific to configuration file:

           --config [<config-file>]
               This option provides a path to a specific configuration file to
               be used.  If specified with no argument, no automatically-found
               configuration  file  (via  $HOME,  etc,  or  "__END__") will be
               processed.  If the argument is a valid file, that file will  be
               used  as  the  configuration file (after "__END__" config).  If
               argument is not a valid, readable file, Swaks  will  error  and
               exit.   This  option  can be specified multiple times, but only
               the first time it is specified (in environment variable and the
               command line search order) will be used. (Arg-Optional)

       CONFIGURATION ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
           Options can be supplied via environment variables.   The  variables
           are  in  the  form $SWAKS_OPT_name, where "name" is the name of the
           option that would be specified on the command line.  Because dashes
           aren't allowed in  environment  variable  names  in  most  UNIX-ish
           shells,  no leading dashes should be used and any dashes inside the
           option's name should be replaced with underscores.   The  following
           would  create  the  same  options  shown  in the configuration file
           example:

               $ SWAKS_OPT_from='[email protected]'
               $ SWAKS_OPT_h_From='"Fred Example" <[email protected]>'

           Setting a variable to an empty value is the same as  specifying  it
           on  the  command  line  with  no  argument.   For instance, setting
           <SWAKS_OPT_server=""> would cause Swaks to prompt the user for  the
           server to which to connect at each invocation.

           Because  there  is no inherent order in options provided by setting
           environment  variables,  the  options  are  sorted   before   being
           processed.   This  is not a great solution, but it at least defines
           the behavior, which would be otherwise undefined.  As  an  example,
           if  both  $SWAKS_OPT_from and $SWAKS_OPT_f were set, the value from
           $SWAKS_OPT_from would be used, because it sorts after $SWAKS_OPT_f.
           Also as a result of not having an  inherent  order  in  environment
           processing,  unsetting options with the "no-" prefix is unreliable.
           It works if the option being turned off  sorts  before  "no-",  but
           fails  if  it  sorts  after.  Because  "no-"  is primarily meant to
           operate between config types  (for  instance,  unsetting  from  the
           command  line an option that was set in a config file), this is not
           likely to be a problem.

           In addition to setting the  equivalent  of  command  line  options,
           $SWAKS_HOME  can  be  set  to  a  directory  containing the default
           .swaksrc to be used.

       COMMAND LINE OPTIONS
           The final method of supplying options to Swaks is via  the  command
           line.  The options behave in a manner consistent with most UNIX-ish
           command  line  programs.   Many  options have both a short and long
           form (for instance  "-s"  and  "--server").   By  convention  short
           options  are  specified  with  a  single  dash and long options are
           specified with a double-dash.  This is only a convention and either
           prefix will work with either type.

           The following demonstrates the example shown in  the  configuration
           file and environment variable sections:

               $ swaks --from [email protected] --h-From: '"Fred Example" <[email protected]>'

TRANSPORTS
       Swaks  can  connect  to  a target via UNIX pipes ("pipes"), UNIX domain
       sockets  ("UNIX  sockets"),  or  internet  domain   sockets   ("network
       sockets").   Connecting  via  network  sockets is the default behavior.
       Because of the singular nature of  the  transport  used,  each  set  of
       options  in  the  following  section is mutually exclusive.  Specifying
       more than one of "--server", "--pipe", or "--socket" will result in  an
       error.   Mixing  other options between transport types will only result
       in the irrelevant options being ignored.  Below is a brief  description
       of  each  type  of  transport and the options that are specific to that
       transport type.

       NETWORK SOCKETS
           This transport attempts  to  deliver  a  message  via  TCP/IP,  the
           standard method for delivering SMTP.  This is the default transport
           for  Swaks.   If  none  of  "--server", "--pipe", or "--socket" are
           given then  this  transport  is  used  and  the  target  server  is
           determined  from  the  recipient's domain (see "--server" below for
           more details).

           This transport requires the IO::Socket module which is part of  the
           standard  Perl  distribution.   If  this  module  is  not loadable,
           attempting to use this  transport  will  result  in  an  error  and
           program termination.

           IPv6 is supported when the IO::Socket::INET6 module is present.

           -s, --server [<target-server>[:<port>]]
               Explicitly  tell  Swaks  to use network sockets and specify the
               hostname or IP address to which to connect,  or  prompt  if  no
               argument  is  given.   If this option is not given and no other
               transport option is given, the target mail server is determined
               from  the  appropriate  DNS  records  for  the  domain  of  the
               recipient email address using the Net::DNS module.  If Net::DNS
               is  not available Swaks will attempt to connect to localhost to
               deliver.   The  target  port  can  optionally  be   set   here.
               Supported  formats  for  this  include  SERVER:PORT (supporting
               names  and  IPv4  addresses);  [SERVER]:PORT  and   SERVER/PORT
               (supporting   names,   IPv4  and  IPv6  addresses).   See  also
               "--copy-routing". (Arg-Required, From-Prompt)

           -p, --port [<port>]
               Specify which TCP port on the target is to be used,  or  prompt
               if  no  argument is listed.  The argument can be a service name
               (as retrieved by  getservbyname(3))  or  a  port  number.   The
               default  port  is smtp/25 unless influenced by the "--protocol"
               or "--tls-on-connect" options. (Arg-Required, From-Prompt)

           -li, --local-interface [<local-interface>[:<port>]]
               Use argument as the  local  interface  for  the  outgoing  SMTP
               connection,  or prompt user if no argument given.  Argument can
               be an IP address or a hostname.  Default action is to  let  the
               operating  system  choose  the local interface.  See "--server"
               for additional comments on :<port> format. (Arg-Required, From-
               Prompt)

           -lp, --local-port, --lport [<port>]
               Specify  the  outgoing  port  from  which  to   originate   the
               transaction.   The argument can be a service name (as retrieved
               by getservbyname(3)) or a port number.  If this option  is  not
               specified  the  system  will pick an ephemeral port.  Note that
               regular users cannot specify some ports.  (Arg-Required,  From-
               Prompt)

           --copy-routing <domain>
               The  argument  is  interpreted  as  the domain part of an email
               address and it is used to find the target server using the same
               logic that would be used to look up the  target  server  for  a
               recipient email address.  See "--to" option for more details on
               how  the  target  is  determined  from  the email domain. (Arg-
               Required)

           -4, -6
               Force IPv4 or IPv6. (Arg-None)

       UNIX SOCKETS
           This transport method attempts to  deliver  messages  via  a  UNIX-
           domain  socket  file.   This  is  useful  for testing MTA/MDAs that
           listen on socket files (for  instance,  testing  LMTP  delivery  to
           Cyrus).   This  transport  requires  the IO::Socket module which is
           part of the standard Perl distribution.   If  this  module  is  not
           loadable,  attempting to use this transport will result in an error
           and program termination.

           --socket [<socket-file>]
               This option takes as its argument a  UNIX-domain  socket  file.
               If Swaks is unable to open this socket it will display an error
               and exit. (Arg-Required, From-Prompt)

       PIPES
           This  transport attempts to spawn a process and communicate with it
           via pipes.  The spawned program must be prepared  to  behave  as  a
           mail  server  over  "STDIN"/"STDOUT".   Any MTA designed to operate
           from inet/xinet  should  support  this.   In  addition,  some  MTAs
           provide   testing   modes   that   can  be  communicated  with  via
           "STDIN"/"STDOUT".  This transport can  be  used  to  automate  that
           testing.   For example, if you implemented DNSBL checking with Exim
           and you wanted to make sure it was working, you  could  run  "swaks
           --pipe "exim -bh 127.0.0.2"".  Ideally, the process you are talking
           to  should  behave  exactly  like  an  SMTP  server  on "STDIN" and
           "STDOUT".  Any debugging should be sent to "STDERR", which will  be
           directed to your terminal.  In practice, Swaks can generally handle
           some  debug on the child's "STDOUT", but there are no guarantees on
           how much it can handle.

           This transport requires the IPC::Open2 module which is part of  the
           standard  Perl  distribution.   If  this  module  is  not loadable,
           attempting to use this  transport  will  result  in  an  error  and
           program termination.

           --pipe [<command-and-arguments>]
               Provide  a  process  name  and arguments to the process.  Swaks
               will attempt to spawn the process and communicate with  it  via
               pipes.  If the argument is not an executable Swaks will display
               an error and exit. (Arg-Required, From-Prompt)

PROTOCOL OPTIONS
       These options are related to the protocol layer.

       -t, --to [<email-address>[,<email-address>[,...]]]
           Tells  Swaks  to  use argument(s) as the envelope-recipient for the
           email, or  prompt  for  recipient  if  no  argument  provided.   If
           multiple recipients are provided and the recipient domain is needed
           to  determine  routing the domain of the last recipient provided is
           used.

           There is no default value for this option.  If  no  recipients  are
           provided  via  any  means,  user  will  be  prompted to provide one
           interactively.  The only exception to this is if  a  "--quit-after"
           value  is  provided  which  will  cause  the SMTP transaction to be
           terminated before the recipient  is  needed.  (Arg-Required,  From-
           Prompt)

       -f, --from [<email-address>]
           Use  argument  as  envelope-sender  for email, or prompt user if no
           argument specified.  The string "<>" can be supplied  to  mean  the
           null  sender.   If user does not specify a sender address a default
           value is used.  The domain-part of the default  sender  is  a  best
           guess  at  the  fully-qualified domain name of the local host.  The
           method  of  determining  the  local-part   varies.    On   Windows,
           "Win32::LoginName()"  is used.  On UNIX-ish platforms, the $LOGNAME
           environment variable is used if it is set.   Otherwise  getpwuid(3)
           is used.  See also "--force-getpwuid".  If Swaks cannot determine a
           local   hostname   and   the  sender  address  is  needed  for  the
           transaction, Swaks will error and exit.   In  this  case,  a  valid
           string  must  be  provided  via  this  option. (Arg-Required, From-
           Prompt)

       --ehlo, --lhlo, -h, --helo [<helo-string>]
           String to use as argument to HELO/EHLO/LHLO command, or prompt user
           if no argument is specified.  If this option is  not  used  a  best
           guess at the fully-qualified domain name of the local host is used.
           If  Swaks  cannot determine a local hostname and the helo string is
           needed for the transaction, Swaks will error  and  exit.   In  this
           case,  a  valid  string  must  be  provided  via this option. (Arg-
           Required, From-Prompt)

       -q, --quit, --quit-after <stop-point>
           Point at  which  the  transaction  should  be  stopped.   When  the
           requested  stopping  point  is  reached  in  the  transaction,  and
           provided that Swaks has not errored out prior to reaching it, Swaks
           will send "QUIT" and  attempt  to  close  the  connection  cleanly.
           These  are the valid arguments and notes about their meaning. (Arg-
           Required)

           CONNECT, BANNER
               Terminate the session after receiving the greeting banner  from
               the target.

           FIRST-HELO, FIRST-EHLO, FIRST-LHLO
               In  a  STARTTLS (but not tls-on-connect) session, terminate the
               transaction after the first of two HELOs.   In  a  non-STARTTLS
               transaction, behaves the same as HELO (see below).

           XCLIENT
               Quit after XCLIENT is sent.

           STARTTLS, TLS
               Quit  the  transaction  immediately  following TLS negotiation.
               Note that this happens in different places depending on whether
               STARTTLS or tls-on-connect are used.  This always  quits  after
               the  point  where TLS would have been negotiated, regardless of
               whether it was attempted.

           HELO, EHLO, LHLO
               In a STARTTLS or XCLIENT session, quit after the  second  HELO.
               Otherwise quit after the first and only HELO.

           AUTH
               Quit  after  authentication.  This always quits after the point
               where authentication would have been negotiated, regardless  of
               whether it was attempted.

           MAIL, FROM
               Quit after MAIL FROM: is sent.

           RCPT, TO
               Quit after RCPT TO: is sent.

       --da, --drop-after <stop-point>
           The  option  is similar to "--quit-after", but instead of trying to
           cleanly shut down the session it  simply  terminates  the  session.
           This  option  accepts  the  same  stop-points as "--quit-after" and
           additionally accepts DATA and DOT, detailed below. (Arg-Required)

           DATA
               Quit after DATA is sent.

           DOT Quit after the final '.' of the message is sent.

       --das, --drop-after-send <stop-point>
           This option is similar to "--drop-after", but instead  of  dropping
           the connection after reading a response to the stop-point, it drops
           the  connection  immediately  after sending stop-point.  It accepts
           the same stop-points as "--drop-after". (Arg-Required)

       --timeout [<time>]
           Use argument as the SMTP transaction timeout, or prompt user if  no
           argument given.  Argument can either be a pure digit, which will be
           interpreted  as seconds, or can have a specifier s, m, or h (5s = 5
           seconds, 3m = 180 seconds, 1h = 3600 seconds).  As a special  case,
           0  means  don't  timeout  the  transactions.  Default value is 30s.
           (Arg-Required, From-Prompt)

       --protocol <protocol>
           Specify which protocol to use in the  transaction.   Valid  options
           are  shown  in the table below.  Currently the 'core' protocols are
           SMTP, ESMTP, and LMTP.  By using variations of these protocol types
           one can  tersely  specify  default  ports,  whether  authentication
           should  be attempted, and the type of TLS connection that should be
           attempted.  The default protocol is  ESMTP.   The  following  table
           demonstrates  the  available  arguments  to  "--protocol"  and  the
           options each sets as a side effect.  (Arg-Required)

           SMTP
               HELO, "-p 25"

           SSMTP
               EHLO->HELO, "-tlsc -p 465"

           SSMTPA
               EHLO->HELO, "-a -tlsc -p 465"

           SMTPS
               HELO, "-tlsc -p 465"

           ESMTP
               EHLO->HELO, "-p 25"

           ESMTPA
               EHLO->HELO, "-a -p 25"

           ESMTPS
               EHLO->HELO, "-tls -p 25"

           ESMTPSA
               EHLO->HELO, "-a -tls -p 25"

           LMTP
               LHLO, "-p 24"

           LMTPA
               LHLO, "-a -p 24"

           LMTPS
               LHLO, "-tls -p 24"

           LMTPSA
               LHLO, "-a -tls -p 24"

       --pipeline
           If the remote server supports  it,  attempt  SMTP  PIPELINING  (RFC
           2920). (Arg-None)

       --prdr
           If  the  server  supports  it,  attempt Per-Recipient Data Response
           (PRDR)      (<https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-hall-prdr-00.txt>).
           PRDR  is not yet standardized, but MTAs have begun implementing the
           proposal. (Arg-None)

       --force-getpwuid
           Tell Swaks to use the getpwuid method of finding the default sender
           local-part instead of trying $LOGNAME first. (Arg-None)

TLS / ENCRYPTION
       These are options related to encrypting the  transaction.   These  have
       been  tested  and  confirmed  to work with all three transport methods.
       The Net::SSLeay module  is  used  to  perform  encryption  when  it  is
       requested.  If this module is not loadable Swaks will either ignore the
       TLS  request  or  error  out,  depending  on  whether  the  request was
       optional.  STARTTLS is defined as an extension in  the  ESMTP  protocol
       and  will be unavailable if "--protocol" is set to a variation of SMTP.
       Because it is not defined in the protocol itself, "--tls-on-connect" is
       available for any protocol type if the target supports it.

       A local certificate  is  not  required  for  a  TLS  connection  to  be
       negotiated.   However,  some servers use client certificate checking to
       verify that the client is allowed to connect.  Swaks can be told to use
       a specific local certificate using  the  "--tls-cert"  and  "--tls-key"
       options.

       -tls
           Require  connection to use STARTTLS.  Exit if TLS not available for
           any reason (not advertised, negotiations failed, etc). (Arg-None)

       -tlso, --tls-optional
           Attempt  to  use  STARTTLS  if  available,  continue  with   normal
           transaction  if  TLS  was  unable  to be negotiated for any reason.
           Note that this is a semi-useless option  as  currently  implemented
           because  after a negotiation failure the state of the connection is
           unknown.  In some cases, like a version  mismatch,  the  connection
           should  be  left  as  plaintext.   In  others,  like a verification
           failure, the server-side may think that it should continue speaking
           TLS while the client thinks it  is  plaintext.   There  may  be  an
           attempt to add more granular state detection in the future, but for
           now  just  be  aware that odd things may happen with this option if
           the TLS negotiation is attempted and fails. (Arg-None)

       -tlsos, --tls-optional-strict
           Attempt to use STARTTLS if available.  Proceed with transaction  if
           TLS  is  negotiated  successfully  or  STARTTLS not advertised.  If
           STARTTLS is advertised but TLS negotiations fail, treat as an error
           and abort transaction.  Due to the caveat noted above,  this  is  a
           much saner option than "--tls-optional". (Arg-None)

       -tlsc, --tls-on-connect
           Initiate  a  TLS  connection  immediately on connection.  Following
           common convention, if this option is  specified  the  default  port
           changes  from  25  to 465, though this can still be overridden with
           the --port option. (Arg-None)

       -tlsp, --tls-protocol <tls-version-specification>
           Specify which protocols to use (or not use) when  negotiating  TLS.
           At  the  time  of  this writing, the available protocols are sslv2,
           sslv3, tlsv1, tlsv1_1, tlsv1_2, and tlsv1_3.  The  availability  of
           these protocols is dependent on your underlying OpenSSL library, so
           not all of these may be available.  The list of available protocols
           is  shown  in  the output of "--dump" (assuming TLS is available at
           all).

           The specification string is a  comma-delimited  list  of  protocols
           that  can  be  used or not used.  For instance 'tlsv1,tlsv1_1' will
           only succeed if one of those two protocols is available on both the
           client  and  the  server.   Conversely,  'no_sslv2,no_sslv3'   will
           attempt  to negotiate any protocol except sslv2 and sslv3.  The two
           forms of specification cannot be mixed. (Arg-Required)

       --tls-cipher <cipher-string>
           The argument to this option is passed  to  the  underlying  OpenSSL
           library  to  set  the list of acceptable ciphers to the be used for
           the connection.  The format of this string is opaque to  Swaks  and
           is                            defined                            in
           <http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#CIPHER_LIST_FORMAT>.
           A brief example would be "--tls-cipher '3DES:+RSA'". (Arg-Required)

       --tls-verify
           Tell Swaks to attempt to verify the server's certificate.  If  this
           option  is  set  and  the  server's  certificate  is not verifiable
           (either using the  system-default  CA  information,  or  custom  CA
           information   (see   "--tls-ca-path"))  TLS  negotiation  will  not
           succeed.   By  default,  Swaks   does   not   attempt   certificate
           verification. (Arg-None)

       --tls-ca-path <ca-location>
           Specify  an  alternate  location  for  CA information for verifying
           server  certificates.   The  argument  can  point  to  a  file   or
           directory.   The  default behavior is to use the underlying OpenSSL
           library's default information. (Arg-Required)

       --tls-cert <cert-file>
           Provide a path to a file containing  the  local  certificate  Swaks
           should  use  if  TLS  is  negotiated.   The  file  path argument is
           required.  As currently implemented the  certificate  in  the  file
           must  be in PEM format.  Contact the author if there's a compelling
           need for  ASN1.   If  this  option  is  set,  "--tls-key"  is  also
           required. (Arg-Required)

       --tls-key <key-file>
           Provide  a  path  to  a file containing the local private key Swaks
           should use if  TLS  is  negotiated.   The  file  path  argument  is
           required.   As  currently  implemented  the certificate in the file
           must be in PEM format.  Contact the author if there's a  compelling
           need  for  ASN1.   If  this  option  is  set,  "--tls-cert" is also
           required. (Arg-Required)

       --tls-get-peer-cert [<output-file>]
           Get a copy of the TLS peer's certificate.  If no argument is given,
           it will be displayed to "STDOUT".  If an argument is  given  it  is
           assumed  to  be  a filesystem path specifying where the certificate
           should be written.  The saved  certificate  can  then  be  examined
           using  standard  tools  such  as the openssl command.  If a file is
           specified its contents will be overwritten. (Arg-Optional)

       --tls-sni <sni-string>
           Specify the Server Name Indication  field  to  send  when  the  TLS
           connection is initiated. (Arg-Required)

AUTHENTICATION
       Swaks  will  attempt  to  authenticate  to  the  target  mail server if
       instructed to do so.  This  section  details  available  authentication
       types,  requirements,  options  and  their interactions, and other fine
       points in authentication usage.  Because authentication is  defined  as
       an   extension  in  the  ESMTP  protocol  it  will  be  unavailable  if
       "--protocol" is set to a variation of SMTP.

       All  authentication  methods   require   base64   encoding.    If   the
       MIME::Base64  Perl  module  is  loadable  Swaks  attempts  to use it to
       perform these encodings.  If MIME::Base64 is not available  Swaks  will
       use  its  own  onboard  base64  routines.   These  are  slower than the
       MIME::Base64 routines and less reviewed, though they have  been  tested
       thoroughly.  Using the MIME::Base64 module is encouraged.

       If  authentication  is  required  (see options below for when it is and
       isn't required) and the requirements aren't met for the  authentication
       type  available,  Swaks displays an error and exits.  Two ways this can
       happen include forcing Swaks to use a specific authentication type that
       Swaks can't use due to missing requirements, or allowing Swaks  to  use
       any  authentication  type,  but  the server only advertises types Swaks
       can't  support.   In  the  former  case  Swaks  errors  out  at  option
       processing   time  since  it  knows  up  front  it  won't  be  able  to
       authenticate.   In  the  latter  case  Swaks  will  error  out  at  the
       authentication  stage  of  the SMTP transaction since Swaks will not be
       aware that it will not be able to authenticate until that point.

       Following  are  the  supported  authentication  types   including   any
       individual notes and requirements.

       The  following  options  affect  Swaks'  use  of authentication.  These
       options are all inter-related.  For instance, specifying  "--auth-user"
       implies  "--auth"  and "--auth-password".  Specifying "--auth-optional"
       implies "--auth-user" and "--auth-password", etc.

       -a, --auth [<auth-type>[,<auth-type>[,...]]]
           Require Swaks to  authenticate.   If  no  argument  is  given,  any
           supported  auth-types  advertised by the server are tried until one
           succeeds or all fail.  If one or more auth-types are  specified  as
           an  argument,  each that the server also supports is tried in order
           until one succeeds or all fail.   This  option  requires  Swaks  to
           authenticate,   so   if  no  common  auth-types  are  found  or  no
           credentials succeed, Swaks  displays  an  error  and  exits.  (Arg-
           Optional)

           The following tables lists the valid auth-types

           LOGIN, PLAIN
               These basic authentication types are fully supported and tested
               and have no additional requirements

           CRAM-MD5
               The CRAM-MD5 authenticator requires the Digest::MD5 module.  It
               is  fully  tested  and believed to work against any server that
               implements it.

           DIGEST-MD5
               The   DIGEST-MD5   authenticator   (RFC2831)    requires    the
               Authen::SASL  module.   Version  20100211.0  and  earlier  used
               Authen::DigestMD5 which had some protocol  level  errors  which
               prevented  it  from  working with some servers.  Authen::SASL's
               DIGEST-MD5 handling is much more robust.

               The DIGEST-MD5 implementation in Swaks is fairly immature.   It
               currently  supports only the "auth" qop type, for instance.  If
               you have DIGEST-MD5 experience and would  like  to  help  Swaks
               support DIGEST-MD5 better, please get in touch with me.

               The  DIGEST-MD5  protocol's  "realm" value can be set using the
               "--auth-extra" "realm"  keyword.   If  no  realm  is  given,  a
               reasonable default will be used.

               The  DIGEST-MD5 protocol's "digest-uri" values can be set using
               the "--auth-extra" option.  For instance, you could create  the
               digest-uri-value  of  "lmtp/mail.example.com/example.com"  with
               the                    option                     "--auth-extra
               dmd5-serv-type=lmtp,dmd5-host=mail.example.com,dmd5-serv-name=example.com".
               The  "digest-uri-value" string and its components is defined in
               RFC2831.   If  none  of  these  values  are  given,  reasonable
               defaults will be used.

           CRAM-SHA1
               The  CRAM-SHA1  authenticator  requires the Digest::SHA module.
               This  type  has  only  been  tested  against   a   non-standard
               implementation  on  an  Exim server and may therefore have some
               implementation deficiencies.

           NTLM/SPA/MSN
               These authenticators require  the  Authen::NTLM  module.   Note
               that  there are two modules using the Authen::NTLM namespace on
               CPAN.  The Mark Bush  implementation  (Authen/NTLM-1.03.tar.gz)
               is  the  version  required by Swaks.  This type has been tested
               against Exim, Communigate, and Exchange 2007.

               In  addition  to  the  standard  username  and  password,  this
               authentication  type can also recognize a "domain".  The domain
               can be set using the  "--auth-extra"  "domain"  keyword.   Note
               that this has never been tested with a mail server that doesn't
               ignore DOMAIN so this may be implemented incorrectly.

       -ao, --auth-optional [<auth-type>[,<auth-type>[,...]]]
           This option behaves identically to "--auth" except that it requests
           authentication  rather  than requiring it.  If no common auth-types
           are  found  or  no  credentials  succeed,  Swaks  proceeds  as   if
           authentication had not been requested. (Arg-Optional)

       -aos, --auth-optional-strict [<auth-type>[,<auth-type>[,...]]]
           This option is a compromise between "--auth" and "--auth-optional".
           If   no   common   auth-types   are  found,  Swaks  behaves  as  if
           "--auth-optional" were specified and proceeds with the transaction.
           If Swaks can't support  requested  auth-type,  the  server  doesn't
           advertise  any  common  auth-types,  or  if no credentials succeed,
           Swaks behaves as if "--auth" were used and  exits  with  an  error.
           (Arg-Optional)

       -au, --auth-user [<username>]
           Provide the username to be used for authentication.  If no username
           is  provided,  indicate  that  Swaks  should  attempt  to  find the
           username via  .netrc  (requires  the  Net::Netrc  module).   If  no
           username is provided and cannot be found via .netrc,  the user will
           be  prompted  to  provide  one.  The string "<>" can be supplied to
           mean an empty username. (Arg-Required, From-Prompt)

       -ap, --auth-password [<password>]
           Provide the password to be used for authentication. If no  password
           is  provided,  indicate  that  Swaks  should  attempt  to  find the
           password via  .netrc  (requires  the  Net::Netrc  module).   If  no
           password is provided and cannot be found via .netrc,  the user will
           be  prompted  to  provide  one.  The string "<>" can be supplied to
           mean an empty password. (Arg-Required, From-Prompt, Sensitive)

       -ae, --auth-extra <key-value-pair>[,<key-value-pair>[,...]]
           Some of the authentication types  allow  extra  information  to  be
           included  in  the  authentication  process.   Rather than add a new
           option for  every  nook  and  cranny  of  each  authenticator,  the
           "--auth-extra"  option allows this information to be supplied.  The
           format for <key-value-pair> is KEYWORD=VALUE. (Arg-Required)

           The following table lists the currently recognized keywords and the
           authenticators that use them

           realm, domain
               The realm and domain keywords  are  synonymous.   Using  either
               will  set  the  "domain" option in NTLM/MSN/SPA and the "realm"
               option in DIGEST-MD5

           dmd5-serv-type
               The  dmd5-serv-type  keyword  is   used   by   the   DIGEST-MD5
               authenticator  and  is  used, in part, to build the digest-uri-
               value string (see RFC2831)

           dmd5-host
               The dmd5-host keyword is used by the  DIGEST-MD5  authenticator
               and is used, in part, to build the digest-uri-value string (see
               RFC2831)

           dmd5-serv-name
               The   dmd5-serv-name   keyword   is   used  by  the  DIGEST-MD5
               authenticator and is used, in part, to  build  the  digest-uri-
               value string (see RFC2831)

       -am, --auth-map <key-value-pair>[,<key-value-pair>[,...]]
           Provides  a  way  to  map  alternate names onto base authentication
           types.  Useful for any sites that use alternate  names  for  common
           types.   The  format  for <key-value-pair> is AUTH-ALIAS=AUTH-TYPE.
           This functionality is actually used internally to map types SPA and
           MSN onto the base type NTLM.  The command line argument to simulate
           this would be "--auth-map SPA=NTLM,MSN=NTLM".   All  of  the  auth-
           types  listed  above  are  valid targets for mapping except SPA and
           MSN. (Arg-Required)

       -apt, --auth-plaintext
           Instead  of  showing  AUTH  strings  base64  encoded  as  they  are
           transmitted, translate them to plaintext before printing on screen.
           (Arg-None)

       -ahp, --auth-hide-password [<replacement-string>]
           If  this option is specified, any time a readable password would be
           printed to the terminal (specifically AUTH PLAIN  and  AUTH  LOGIN)
           the password is replaced with the string 'PROVIDED_BUT_REMOVED' (or
           the  contents  of  <replacement-string>  if  provided).   The dummy
           string may  or  may  not  be  base64  encoded,  contingent  on  the
           "--auth-plaintext" option.

           Note  that "--auth-hide-password" is similar, but not identical, to
           the "--protect-prompt" option.  The former protects passwords  from
           being  displayed in the SMTP transaction regardless of how they are
           entered.  The latter protects sensitive strings when the user types
           them at the terminal, regardless of how the string would  be  used.
           (Arg-Optional)

XCLIENT OPTIONS
       XCLIENT  is  an  SMTP  extension  introduced  by  the  Postfix project.
       XCLIENT allows a (properly-authorized) client to tell a server  to  use
       alternate  information, such as IP address or hostname, for the client.
       This allows much easier paths for testing mail  server  configurations.
       Full     details     on     the     protocol     are    available    at
       <http://www.postfix.org/XCLIENT_README.html>.

       The XCLIENT verb can be passed to the server multiple  times  per  SMTP
       session  with different attributes.  For instance, HELO and PROTO might
       be passed in one call and NAME and ADDR passed in a second. Because  it
       can  be  useful  for  testing,  Swaks exposes some control over how the
       attributes are grouped and in what order they are passed to the server.
       The different options attempt to  expose  simplicity  for  those  using
       Swaks  as  a  client,  and  complexity  for  those  using Swaks to test
       installs.

       --xclient-addr [<string>]
       --xclient-name [<string>]
       --xclient-port [<string>]
       --xclient-proto [<string>]
       --xclient-destaddr [<string>]
       --xclient-destport [<string>]
       --xclient-helo [<string>]
       --xclient-login [<string>]
       --xclient-reverse-name [<string>]
           These options specify XCLIENT attributes that should be sent to the
           target server.  If <string> is not provided, Swaks will prompt  and
           read         the        value        on        "STDIN".         See
           <http://www.postfix.org/XCLIENT_README.html>      for      official
           documentation  for  what  the  attributes  mean  and their possible
           values, including the special "[UNAVAILABLE]"  and  "[TEMPUNAVAIL]"
           values.

           By  way  of simple example, setting "--xclient-name foo.example.com
           --xclient-addr 192.168.1.1" will  cause  Swaks  to  send  the  SMTP
           command "XCLIENT NAME=foo.example.com ADDR=192.168.1.1".

           Note  that  the  "REVERSE_NAME" attribute doesn't seem to appear in
           the official documentation.  There is a mailing  list  thread  that
           documents               it,               viewable               at
           <http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.mail.postfix.user/192623>.

           These options can all be mixed with each other, and  can  be  mixed
           with  the "--xclient" option (see below). By default all attributes
           will be combined into one XCLIENT call, but see  "--xclient-delim".
           (Arg-Required, From-Prompt)

       --xclient-delim
           When  this  option  is  specified,  it indicates a break in XCLIENT
           attributes to be sent.  For instance, setting "--xclient-helo 'helo
           string'     --xclient-delim     --xclient-name      foo.example.com
           --xclient-addr  192.168.1.1"  will  cause Swaks to send two XCLIENT
           calls,     "XCLIENT      HELO=helo+20string"      and      "XCLIENT
           NAME=foo.example.com  ADDR=192.168.1.1".   This  option  is ignored
           where it doesn't make  sense  (at  the  start  or  end  of  XCLIENT
           options, by itself, consecutively, etc). (Arg-None)

       --xclient [<string>]
           This is the "free form" XCLIENT option.  Whatever value is provided
           for  <string>  will be sent verbatim as the argument to the XCLIENT
           SMTP command.  For example, if "--xclient  'NAME=  ADDR=192.168.1.1
           FOO=bar'"  is used, Swaks will send the SMTP command "XCLIENT NAME=
           ADDR=192.168.1.1 FOO=bar".  If no argument  is  passed  on  command
           line, Swaks will prompt and read the value on STDIN.

           The  primary advantage to this over the more specific options above
           is that there is no XCLIENT syntax validation  here.   This  allows
           you  to  send  invalid  XCLIENT  to  the target server for testing.
           Additionally, at least one MTA (Message Systems' Momentum, formerly
           ecelerity)  implements  XCLIENT   without   advertising   supported
           attributes.    The  "--xclient"  option  allows  you  to  skip  the
           "supported attributes" check when communicating with this  type  of
           MTA (though see also "--xclient-no-verify").

           The  "--xclient"  option can be mixed freely with the "--xclient-*"
           options above.  The argument to "--xclient" will be sent in its own
           command  group.   For  instance,  if  "--xclient-addr   192.168.0.1
           --xclient-port 26 --xclient 'FOO=bar NAME=wind'" is given to Swaks,
           "XCLIENT  ADDR=192.168.0.1 PORT=26" and "XCLIENT FOO=bar NAME=wind"
           will both be sent to the target server. (Arg-Required, From-Prompt)

       --xclient-no-verify
           Do not enforce the requirement that an XCLIENT  attribute  must  be
           advertised  by  the  server  in  order  for  Swaks to send it in an
           XCLIENT command.  This is to support servers which don't  advertise
           the attributes but still support them. (Arg-None)

       --xclient-before-starttls
           If  Swaks  is  configured  to attempt both XCLIENT and STARTTLS, it
           will do STARTTLS first.   If  this  option  is  specified  it  will
           attempt XCLIENT first. (Arg-None)

       --xclient-optional
       --xclient-optional-strict
           In  normal  operation, setting one of the "--xclient*" options will
           require a successful XCLIENT transaction to take place in order  to
           proceed  (that  is,  XCLIENT  needs to be advertised, all the user-
           requested attributes need to have been advertised, and  the  server
           needs  to  have  accepted  Swaks'  XCLIENT request).  These options
           change that behavior.  "--xclient-optional" tells Swaks to  proceed
           unconditionally  past  the  XCLIENT  stage of the SMTP transaction,
           regardless      of      whether      it       was       successful.
           "--xclient-optional-strict"  is  similar  but  more  granular.  The
           strict version will continue to XCLIENT  was  not  advertised,  but
           will fail if XCLIENT was attempted but did not succeed. (Arg-None)

PROXY OPTIONS
       Swaks     implements    the    Proxy    protocol    as    defined    in
       <http://www.haproxy.org/download/1.5/doc/proxy-protocol.txt>.     Proxy
       allows  an  application  load  balancer, such as HAProxy, to be used in
       front of an MTA while still allowing the MTA access to the  originating
       host  information.   Proxy support in Swaks allows direct testing of an
       MTA configured to expect requests from a  proxy,  bypassing  the  proxy
       itself during testing.

       Swaks  makes  no  effort  to  ensure  that  the  Proxy options used are
       internally consistent.  For instance, "--proxy-family" (in  version  1)
       is  expected  to  be one of "TCP4" or "TCP6".  While it will likely not
       make sense to the target server, Swaks makes no attempt to ensure  that
       "--proxy-source"  and "--proxy-dest" are in the same protocol family as
       "--proxy-family" or each other.

       The "--proxy" option is mutually exclusive with all  other  "--proxy-*"
       options except "--proxy-version".

       When  "--proxy" is not used, all of "--proxy-family", "--proxy-source",
       "--proxy-source-port",  "--proxy-dest",  and  "--proxy-dest-port"   are
       required.      Additionally,     when     "--proxy-version"    is    2,
       "--proxy-protocol" and "--proxy-command" are optional.

       --proxy-version [ 1 | 2 ]
           Whether to use version 1 (human readable) or version 2 (binary)  of
           the  Proxy  protocol.  Version 1 is the default.  Version 2 is only
           implemented through the "address block", and is roughly on par with
           the information provided in version 1.

       --proxy [<string>]
           If this option is used, its argument is passed unchanged after  the
           "PROXY  " portion (or the 12-byte protocol header for version 2) of
           the Proxy exchange.   This  option  allows  sending  incomplete  or
           malformed Proxy strings to a target server for testing.  No attempt
           to  translate  or  modify  this  string  is  made,  so if used with
           "--proxy-version 2" the  argument  should  be  in  the  appropriate
           binary  format.   This  option is mutually exclusive with all other
           "--proxy-*" options which provide granular proxy information. (Arg-
           Required, From-Prompt)

       --proxy-family [<string>]
           For version 1, specifies both  the  address  family  and  transport
           protocol.  The protocol defines TCP4 and TCP6.

           For  version  2,  specifies  only the address family.  The protocol
           defines AF_UNSPEC, AF_INET, AF_INET6, and  AF_UNIX.  (Arg-Required,
           From-Prompt)

       --proxy-protocol [<string>]
           For  version  2,  specifies  the  transport protocol.  The protocol
           defines UNSPEC, STREAM, and DGRAM.  The default  is  STREAM.   This
           option is unused in version 1. (Arg-Required, From-Prompt)

       --proxy-command [<string>]
           For  version  2,  specifies  the  transport protocol.  The protocol
           defines LOCAL and PROXY.  The default is  PROXY.   This  option  is
           unused in version 1. (Arg-Required, From-Prompt)

       --proxy-source [<string>]
           Specify  the  source  address  of  the  proxied  connection.  (Arg-
           Required, From-Prompt)

       --proxy-source-port [<string>]
           Specify the source port of the proxied  connection.  (Arg-Required,
           From-Prompt)

       --proxy-dest [<string>]
           Specify  the  destination  address of the proxied connection. (Arg-
           Required, From-Prompt)

       --proxy-dest-port [<string>]
           Specify the destination  port  of  the  proxied  connection.  (Arg-
           Required, From-Prompt)

DATA OPTIONS
       These  options pertain to the contents for the DATA portion of the SMTP
       transaction.  By default  a  very  simple  message  is  sent.   If  the
       "--attach"  or  "--attach-body"  options  are  used,  Swaks attempts to
       upgrade to a MIME message.

       -d, --data [<data-portion>]
           Use argument as the entire contents of DATA.

           If no argument is provided, user will be prompted to supply value.

           If the argument "-" is provided the data will be read from  "STDIN"
           with no prompt.

           If  the  argument starts with "@" it will be treated as a filename.
           If you would like to pass in an argument that starts with  "@"  and
           isn't  a filename, prefix the argument with an additional "@".  For
           example, "@file.txt" will force  processing  of  file.txt.   @@data
           will use the string '@data'.

           If   the   argument   does   not  contain  any  literal  (0x0a)  or
           representative (0x5c, 0x6e or  %NEWLINE%)  newline  characters,  it
           will  be  treated  as  a  filename.   If the file is open-able, the
           contents of the file will be used as the data portion.  If the file
           cannot be opened, Swaks will error and exit.  The  entire  behavior
           described  in this paragraph is deprecated and will be removed in a
           future release.  Instead use a leading "@" to explicitly  set  that
           the argument is a filename.

           Any other argument will be used as the DATA contents.

           The  value  can be on one single line, with "\n" (ASCII 0x5c, 0x6e)
           representing where line breaks should be placed.  Leading dots will
           be quoted.  Closing dot  is  not  required  but  is  allowed.   The
           %TO_ADDRESS%\nFrom:          %FROM_ADDRESS%\nSubject:          test
           %DATE%\nMessage-Id: <%MESSAGEID%"\nX-Mailer: swaks v%SWAKS_VERSION%
           jetmore.org/john/code/swaks/\n%NEW_HEADERS%\n%BODY%\n>.

           Very  basic  token  parsing  is performed on the DATA portion.  The
           following table shows the recognized tokens and  their  replacement
           values. (Arg-Required, From-Prompt, From-File)

           %FROM_ADDRESS%
               Replaced with the envelope-sender.

           %TO_ADDRESS%
               Replaced with the envelope-recipient(s).

           %DATE%
               Replaced  with  the  current  time  in  a  format  suitable for
               standard  module  POSIX  for  timezone  calculations.   If this
               module is unavailable the date string will be in GMT.

           %MESSAGEID%
               Replaced with a  message  ID  string  suitable  for  use  in  a
               Message-Id  header.   The  value  for  this  token  will remain
               consistent for the life of the process.

           %SWAKS_VERSION%
               Replaced  with  the  version  of  the  currently-running  Swaks
               process.

           %NEW_HEADERS%
               Replaced  with  the  contents of the "--add-header" option.  If
               "--add-header" is not specified this token is simply removed.

           %BODY%
               Replaced with the value specified by the "--body" option.   See
               "--body" for default.

           %NEWLINE%
               Replaced  with  carriage return, newline (0x0d, 0x0a).  This is
               identical to using "\n" (0x5c,  0x6e),  but  doesn't  have  the
               escaping concerns that the backslash can cause on the newline.

       -dab, --dump-as-body [<section>[,<section>[,...]]]
           If  "--dump-as-body"  is used and no other option is used to change
           the default body of the message, the body is replaced  with  output
           similar  to the output of what is provided by "--dump".  "--dump"'s
           initial program capability stanza is not displayed, and the  "data"
           section  is  not  included.  Additionally, "--dump" always includes
           passwords.  By default "--dump-as-body" does not include passwords,
           though this can be  changed  with  "--dump-as-body-shows-password".
           "--dump-as-body"  takes  the  same arguments as "--dump" except the
           SUPPORT and DATA arguments are not supported. (Arg-Optional)

       -dabsp, --dump-as-body-shows-password
           Cause "--dump-as-body" to include plaintext passwords.  This option
           is not recommended.  This option  implies  "--dump-as-body".  (Arg-
           None)

       --body [<body-specification>]
           Specify  the  body  of  the  email.  The default is "This is a test
           mailing".  If no argument to "--body" is given,  prompt  to  supply
           one  interactively.  If "-" is supplied, the body will be read from
           standard input.  Arguments beginning with "@" will  be  treated  as
           filenames  containing  the  body data to use (see "--data" for more
           detail).

           If, after the above processing, the argument  represents  an  open-
           able  file,  the content of that file is used as the body.  This is
           deprecated behavior and  will  be  removed  in  a  future  release.
           Instead  use a leading "@" to explicitly set that the argument is a
           filename.

           If the message is forced to MIME format  (see  "--attach")  "--body
           'body text'" is the same as "--attach-type text/plain --attach-body
           'body  text'".   See  "--attach-body"  for  details  on  creating a
           multipart/alternative body. (Arg-Required, From-Prompt, From-File)

       --attach [<attachment-specification>]
           When one or more "--attach" option  is  supplied,  the  message  is
           changed  into  a  multipart/mixed  MIME  message.  The arguments to
           "--attach" are processed the  same  as  "--body"  with  respect  to
           "STDIN",  file  contents, etc.  "--attach" can be supplied multiple
           times to create multiple attachments.  By default, each  attachment
           is    attached    as   an   application/octet-stream   file.    See
           "--attach-type" for changing this behavior.

           If the contents of the attachment are provided via a file name, the
           MIME encoding will include that file name.  See "--attach-name" for
           more detail on file naming.

           It is legal for "-"  ("STDIN")  to  be  specified  as  an  argument
           multiple   times   (once   for  "--body"  and  multiple  times  for
           "--attach").  In this case, the same content will be attached  each
           time  it  is  specified.   This  is  useful  for attaching the same
           content with multiple MIME types. (Arg-Required, From-File)

       --attach-body [<body-specification>]
           This is a variation on "--attach" that is specifically for the body
           part of the email.  It behaves identically to "--attach" in that it
           takes the same arguments and forces the creation of a MIME message.
           However, it is different in that the argument will  always  be  the
           first  MIME  part  in  the  message,  no  matter  where  in  option
           processing order it is encountered.  Additionally,  "--attach-body"
           options  stack  to  allow creation of multipart/alternative bodies.
           For example, "--attach-type text/plain  --attach-body  'plain  text
           body'  --attach-type  text/html  --attach-body  'html  body'" would
           create a multipart/alternative message body.  (Arg-Required,  From-
           File)

       --attach-type <mime-type>
           By  default,  content that gets MIME attached to a message with the
           "--attach" option is encoded  as  application/octet-stream  (except
           for  the  body,  which  is text/plain by default).  "--attach-type"
           changes the mime type for every "--attach" option which follows it.
           It can be specified multiple times.  The  current  MIME  type  gets
           reset to application/octet-stream between processing body parts and
           other parts. (Arg-Required)

       --attach-name [<name>]
           This  option  sets  the  filename that will be included in the MIME
           part created for the next "--attach" option.  If no argument is set
           for this option, it causes no filename information to  be  included
           for  the  next  MIME part, even if Swaks could generate it from the
           local file name. (Arg-Optional)

       -ah, --add-header <header>
           This  option  allows  headers  to  be  added  to  the   DATA.    If
           "%NEW_HEADERS%"  is  present  in  the  DATA it is replaced with the
           argument to this option.  If "%NEW_HEADERS%" is  not  present,  the
           argument  is inserted between the first two consecutive newlines in
           the DATA (that is, it is  inserted  at  the  end  of  the  existing
           headers).

           The  option can either be specified multiple times or a single time
           with multiple headers separated by  a  literal  "\n"  string.   So,
           "--add-header 'Foo: bar' --add-header 'Baz: foo'" and "--add-header
           'Foo:  bar\nBaz:  foo'"  end  up adding the same two headers. (Arg-
           Required)

       --header <header-and-data>, --h-<header> <data>
           These options allow a way to change headers that already  exist  in
           the  DATA.   "--header  'Subject:  foo'"  and "--h-Subject foo" are
           equivalent.  If the header does not already exist in the data  then
           this  argument  behaves identically to "--add-header".  However, if
           the header already exists it is replaced with  the  one  specified.
           Negating  the  version  of  this option with the header name in the
           option  (eg  "--no-header-Subject")  will  remove  all   previously
           processed "--header" options, not just the ones used for 'Subject'.
           (Arg-Required)

       -g  This  option  is  a  direct  alias  to  "--data  -" (read DATA from
           "STDIN").  It is totally secondary to "--data".  Any occurrence  of
           "--data"  will  cause  "-g"  to  be ignored.  This option cannot be
           negated with the "no-" prefix.  This option is deprecated and  will
           be removed in a future version of Swaks. (Arg-None, Deprecated)

       --no-data-fixup, -ndf
           This  option forces Swaks to do no massaging of the DATA portion of
           the email.   This  includes  token  replacement,  From_  stripping,
           trailing-dot   addition,  "--body"/attachment  inclusion,  and  any
           header additions.  This  option  is  only  useful  when  used  with
           "--data",  since  the  internal  default  DATA portion uses tokens.
           (Arg-None)

       --no-strip-from, -nsf
           Don't strip the From_ line from the DATA portion, if present. (Arg-
           None)

OUTPUT OPTIONS
       Swaks  provides  a  transcript  of  its  transactions  to  its   caller
       ("STDOUT"/"STDERR") by default.  This transcript aims to be as faithful
       a  representation  as possible of the transaction though it does modify
       this output by adding informational prefixes to lines and by  providing
       plaintext versions of TLS transactions

       The  "informational  prefixes"  are  referred  to as transaction hints.
       These hints are initially composed of  those  marking  lines  that  are
       output  of  Swaks  itself,  either informational or error messages, and
       those that indicate a line of data  actually  sent  or  received  in  a
       transaction.  This table indicates the hints and their meanings:

       "==="
           Indicates an informational line generated by Swaks.

       "***"
           Indicates an error generated within Swaks.

       " ->"
           Indicates an expected line sent by Swaks to target server.

       " ~>"
           Indicates  a  TLS-encrypted,  expected line sent by Swaks to target
           server.

       "**>"
           Indicates an unexpected line sent by Swaks to the target server.

       "*~>"
           Indicates a TLS-encrypted, unexpected line sent by Swaks to  target
           server.

       "  >"
           Indicates a raw chunk of text sent by Swaks to a target server (see
           "--show-raw-text").    There   is   no  concept  of  "expected"  or
           "unexpected" at this level.

       "<- "
           Indicates an expected line sent by target server to Swaks.

       "<~ "
           Indicates a TLS-encrypted, expected line sent by target  server  to
           Swaks.

       "<**"
           Indicates an unexpected line sent by target server to Swaks.

       "<~*"
           Indicates a TLS-encrypted, unexpected line sent by target server to
           Swaks.

       "<  "
           Indicates  a  raw  chunk  of  text  received by Swaks from a target
           server (see "--show-raw-text").  There is no concept of  "expected"
           or "unexpected" at this level.

       The  following  options control what and how output is displayed to the
       caller.

       -n, --suppress-data
           Summarizes the DATA portion of  the  SMTP  transaction  instead  of
           printing  every  line.   This  option is very helpful, bordering on
           required, when using Swaks to send  certain  test  emails.   Emails
           with  attachments,  for instance, will quickly overwhelm a terminal
           if the DATA is not suppressed. (Arg-None)

       -stl, --show-time-lapse [i]
           Display time lapse between send/receive pairs.  This option is most
           useful when Time::HiRes is available, in which case the time  lapse
           will  be  displayed  in thousandths of a second.  If Time::HiRes is
           unavailable or "i" is given  as  an  argument  the  lapse  will  be
           displayed in integer seconds only. (Arg-Optional)

       -nih, --no-info-hints
           Don't  display the transaction hint for informational transactions.
           This is most useful when  needing  to  copy  some  portion  of  the
           informational  lines,  for  instance  the  certificate  output from
           "--tls-get-peer-cert". (Arg-None)

       -nsh, --no-send-hints
       -nrh, --no-receive-hints
       -nth, --no-hints
           "--no-send-hints" and "--no-receive-hints" suppress the transaction
           hints from send and receive lines,  respectively.   This  is  often
           useful  when  copying  some  portion  of  the  transaction  for use
           elsewhere   (for    instance,    "--no-send-hints    --hide-receive
           --hide-informational"  is  a useful way to get only the client-side
           commands for a given transaction).  "--no-hints"  is  identical  to
           specifying  both  "--no-send-hints" and "--no-receive-hints". (Arg-
           None)

       -raw, --show-raw-text
           This option will print a hex dump of raw data sent and received  by
           Swaks.   Each hex dump is the contents of a single read or write on
           the network.  This should be identical to  what  is  already  being
           displayed   (with  the  exception  of  the  "\r"  characters  being
           removed).  This option is useful in seeing details when servers are
           sending lots of data in single packets, or breaking  up  individual
           lines  into multiple packets.  If you really need to go in depth in
           that area you're probably better with a packet  sniffer,  but  this
           option  is a good first step to seeing odd connection issues. (Arg-
           None)

       --output, --output-file <file-path>
       --output-file-stdout <file-path>
       --output-file-stderr <file-path>
           These options allow the user to send output  to  files  instead  of
           "STDOUT"/"STDERR".   The  first option sends both to the same file.
           The  arguments  of  &STDOUT  and  &STDERR  are  treated  specially,
           referring  to  the  "normal" file handles, so "--output-file-stderr
           '&STDOUT'" would redirect "STDERR" to "STDOUT".  These options  are
           honored  for  all  output  except  "--help"  and "--version". (Arg-
           Required)

       -pp, --protect-prompt
           Don't echo user input on prompts  that  are  potentially  sensitive
           (right  now  only authentication password).  Very specifically, any
           option which is marked 'Sensitive' and eventually  prompts  for  an
           argument  will do its best to mask that argument from being echoed.
           See also "--auth-hide-password". (Arg-None)

       -hr, --hide-receive
           Don't display lines sent from the remote server being  received  by
           Swaks. (Arg-None)

       -hs, --hide-send
           Don't display lines being sent by Swaks to the remote server. (Arg-
           None)

       -hi, --hide-informational
           Don't  display  non-error  informational  lines  from Swaks itself.
           (Arg-None)

       -ha, --hide-all
           Do not display any content to the terminal. (Arg-None)

       -S, --silent [ 1 | 2 | 3 ]
           Cause Swaks to be silent.   If  no  argument  is  given  or  if  an
           argument  of  "1"  is  given, print no output unless/until an error
           occurs, after which all output is shown.  If an argument of "2"  is
           given,  only  print  errors.  If "3" is given, show no output ever.
           "--silent"  affects  most  output  but  not  all.   For   instance,
           "--help",   "--version",   "--dump",   and  "--dump-mail"  are  not
           affected. (Arg-Optional)

       --support
           Print capabilities and exit.  Certain features require non-standard
           Perl modules.  This option  evaluates  whether  these  modules  are
           present  and  displays  which  functionality is available and which
           isn't, and which modules would need to be added to gain the missing
           functionality. (Arg-None)

       --dump-mail
           Cause Swaks to process all options to generate the message it would
           send, then print that message to "STDOUT" instead  of  sending  it.
           This  output is identical to the "data" section of "--dump", except
           without the trailing dot. (Arg-None)

       --dump [<section>[,<section>[,...]]]
           This option causes Swaks to print the results of option processing,
           immediately before mail would have been sent.  No mail will be sent
           when "--dump" is used.  Note that "--dump" is a pure self-diagnosis
           tool and no effort is made or will ever be made to  mask  passwords
           in  the "--dump" output. If a section is provided as an argument to
           this option, only the requested section will be  shown.   Currently
           supported  arguments are SUPPORT, APP, OUTPUT, TRANSPORT, PROTOCOL,
           XCLIENT, PROXY, TLS, AUTH,  DATA,  and  ALL.   If  no  argument  is
           provided, all sections are displayed (Arg-Optional)

       --help
           Display this help information and exit. (Arg-None)

       --version
           Display version information and exit. (Arg-None)

DEPRECATIONS
       The  following  features are deprecated and will be removed in a future
       version of Swaks

       -g option
           Will be removed no sooner than November 1, 2021.

           The -g option is currently a less-good alias to  "--data  -".   Any
           uses  of  "-g" should be able to be directly migrated to "--data -"
           instead.

       auto-filename detection
           Will be removed no sooner than November 1, 2021.

           The "--data", "--body",  "--attach",  and  "--attach-body"  options
           currently  will  attempt to distinguish between an argument that is
           the actual value to use vs. an  argument  that  represents  a  file
           containing  the  data to use.  This behavior has been superseded by
           prefixing an argument to  these  options  with  "@"  to  explicitly
           indicate that the argument indicates a file.  Any uses of providing
           a  filename to one of these options should be moved to using "@" to
           indicate a filename is being used.

PORTABILITY
       OPERATING SYSTEMS
           This program was primarily intended for use on UNIX-like  operating
           systems,  and it should work on any reasonable version thereof.  It
           has been developed and tested on Solaris, Linux, and Mac OS  X  and
           is feature complete on all of these.

           This program is known to demonstrate basic functionality on Windows
           using  ActiveState's Perl.  It has not been fully tested.  Known to
           work are  basic  SMTP  functionality  and  the  LOGIN,  PLAIN,  and
           CRAM-MD5  auth  types.   Unknown  is  any TLS functionality and the
           NTLM/SPA and DIGEST-MD5 auth types.

           Because this program should  work  anywhere  Perl  works,  I  would
           appreciate   knowing   about   any  new  operating  systems  you've
           thoroughly used Swaks on as well as any problems encountered  on  a
           new OS.

       MAIL SERVERS
           This  program  was  almost  exclusively developed against Exim mail
           servers.  It has been used  casually  by  the  author,  though  not
           thoroughly   tested,   with   Sendmail,   Smail,  Exchange,  Oracle
           Collaboration  Suite,  qpsmtpd,  and  Communigate.    Because   all
           functionality  in  Swaks is based on known standards it should work
           with any fairly modern mail server.  If a problem is found,  please
           alert the author at the address below.

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
       LOGNAME
           If  Swaks  must  create  a  sender address, $LOGNAME is used as the
           message local-part if it is set, and unless  "--force-getpwuid"  is
           used.

       SWAKS_HOME
           Used  when searching for a .swaksrc configuration file.  See OPTION
           PROCESSING -> "CONFIGURATION FILES" above.

       SWAKS_OPT_*
           Environment variable prefix used  to  specify  Swaks  options  from
           environment  variables.   See  OPTION  PROCESSING -> "CONFIGURATION
           ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES" above.

EXIT CODES
       0   no errors occurred

       1   error parsing command line options

       2   error connecting to remote server

       3   unknown connection type

       4   while running with connection type of "pipe", fatal problem writing
           to or reading from the child process

       5   while running with connection type of "pipe",  child  process  died
           unexpectedly.   This  can  mean  that  the  program  specified with
           "--pipe" doesn't exist.

       6   Connection closed  unexpectedly.   If  the  close  is  detected  in
           response   to  the  'QUIT'  Swaks  sends  following  an  unexpected
           response, the error code  for  that  unexpected  response  is  used
           instead.   For instance, if a mail server returns a 550 response to
           a MAIL FROM: and then  immediately  closes  the  connection,  Swaks
           detects  that  the connection is closed, but uses the more specific
           exit code 23 to detail the nature of the failure.  If  instead  the
           server   return   a  250  code  and  then  immediately  closes  the
           connection, Swaks will use the exit code 6 because there is  not  a
           more specific exit code.

       10  error in prerequisites (needed module not available)

       21  error reading initial banner from server

       22  error in HELO transaction

       23  error in MAIL transaction

       24  no RCPTs accepted

       25  server returned error to DATA request

       26  server did not accept mail following data

       27  server returned error after normal-session quit request

       28  error in AUTH transaction

       29  error in TLS transaction

       30  PRDR requested/required but not advertised

       32  error in EHLO following TLS negotiation

       33  error in XCLIENT transaction

       34  error in EHLO following XCLIENT

       35  error in PROXY option processing

       36  error sending PROXY banner

ABOUT THE NAME
       The  name  "Swaks"  is a (sort-of) acronym for "SWiss Army Knife SMTP".
       It was chosen to be fairly distinct and pronounceable.   While  "Swaks"
       is  unique  as  the name of a software package, it has some other, non-
       software meanings.  Please send in other uses of "swak" or "swaks"  for
       inclusion.

       "Sealed With A Kiss"
           SWAK/SWAKs  turns  up occasionally on the internet with the meaning
           "with love".

       bad / poor / ill (Afrikaans)
           Seen in the headline "SA se bes en swaks gekledes in  2011",  which
           was  translated  as  "best  and  worst dressed" by native speakers.
           Google  Translate  doesn't  like  "swaks  gekledes",  but  it  will
           translate "swak" as "poor" and "swak geklede" as "ill-dressed".

LICENSE
       This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
       under  the  terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
       Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at  your
       option) any later version.

       This  program  is  distributed  in the hope that it will be useful, but
       WITHOUT  ANY  WARRANTY;  without   even   the   implied   warranty   of
       MERCHANTABILITY  or  FITNESS  FOR  A  PARTICULAR  PURPOSE.  See the GNU
       General Public License for more details.

       You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
       with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
       51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.

CONTACT INFORMATION
       General    contact,    questions,    patches,    requests,    etc    to
       [email protected].

       Change   logs,   this  help,  and  the  latest  version  are  found  at
       <http://www.jetmore.org/john/code/swaks/>.

       Swaks is crafted with love by  John  Jetmore  from  the  cornfields  of
       Indiana, United States of America.

NOTIFICATIONS
       Email
           [email protected]

           If you would like to be put on a list to receive notifications when
           a  new  version  of Swaks is released, please send an email to this
           address.  There will not be a response to your email.

       Website
           <http://www.jetmore.org/john/blog/c/swaks/>

       RSS Feed
           <http://www.jetmore.org/john/blog/c/swaks/feed/>

       Twitter
           <http://twitter.com/SwaksSMTP>

perl v5.32.1                      2021-12-24                          SWAKS(1)

Updated on: 2023-Aug-10